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The 1916 annual report of the superintendent of schools (covering the school year 1914-15) notes the increase of the school-age population of the Deerfield schools. The major source of new population in Deerfield in that time was immigration, as hundreds of new arrivals, mostly from Eastern Europe, arrived in the town to participate in agriculture. Many of these young new immigrants had not been well educated in their country of origin or struggled in their newly adopted language, as the table on page 80 hints. Some students (referred to here as "retarded pupils") were significantly behind their age peers.

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